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What Is LOLER? The Lifting Operations and Lifting Equipment Regulations 1998 Explained

By Editorial Team  ·  3 March 2026  ·  7 min read

What does LOLER actually require you to do?

You have probably heard the word LOLER. But knowing what it actually requires, and what happens when something is missed, is a different matter. LOLER stands for the Lifting Operations and Lifting Equipment Regulations 1998 (Statutory Instrument 1998 No. 2307). It is the primary UK legislation governing the safe use, regular inspection, and record-keeping of lifting equipment in workplaces. In health and safety terms, LOLER meaning refers to the legal framework that governs all lifting operations in UK workplaces. For a full overview of compliance obligations, see our LOLER compliance guide.

The Health and Safety Executive (HSE) enforces LOLER across most UK workplaces. Every duty holder who provides or controls lifting equipment must comply. No exemption for company size. No exemption for sector.

What Does LOLER Stand For?

LOLER stands for the Lifting Operations and Lifting Equipment Regulations. The full title is the Lifting Operations and Lifting Equipment Regulations 1998 (SI 1998/2307). In industry it is sometimes called the lifting regs or lifting equipment regulations. All three terms refer to the same statutory instrument. The abbreviation LOLER is the form used by the HSE and across the inspection industry.

LOLER Lifting Regulations: What the Regs Require

The LOLER lifting regs set out the minimum legal requirements for all lifting operations and lifting equipment at work. They apply to every employer, contractor, and self-employed person who provides or controls lifting equipment on UK worksites. No minimum size. No sector exemptions.

At the core of the LOLER lifting regulations is Regulation 9: the requirement for periodic thorough examination. The LOLER regs require that all lifting equipment is examined by a competent person at defined intervals. Lifting accessories and person-carrying equipment must be examined every 6 months. All other LOLER lifting equipment must be examined every 12 months, or in accordance with a written examination scheme.

The loler lifting regs also require that every examination produces a Schedule 1 report. That report is a legal document. It must be completed by the competent person, delivered to the duty holder, and kept on file. Every item of LOLER lifting equipment needs its own individual report. The record is how you prove the examination happened. Without it, the examination has no legal standing.

LOLER lifting regulations also cover how operations are planned and supervised. Regulation 8 requires that every lifting operation is properly planned by a competent person and carried out safely. For complex lifts, that means a formal lift plan. The LOLER regs are not just about what happens between inspections. They govern every lift.

Why does lifting equipment need its own regulation?

Lifting operations are among the most hazardous activities in UK workplaces. Wear, overloading, poor inspection, or operator error regularly result in serious injuries and fatalities. LOLER establishes a consistent, enforceable minimum standard for how lifting equipment is managed across all industries.

Before LOLER, the law was fragmented across older regulations including the Factories Act and the Construction (Lifting Operations) Regulations 1961. LOLER replaced that patchwork with a single unified framework. You can read the full text at legislation.gov.uk ↗.

The LOLER regulations PDF (SI 1998/2307) is available free from legislation.gov.uk ↗. The HSE also publishes the LOLER ACOP (L113) as a free download, which provides practical guidance on how to comply with the LOLER legislation. Whether you refer to them as the LOLER regs 1998, LOLER regulations 1998, or LOLER regs, the source document is the same: Statutory Instrument 1998 No. 2307.

What does LOLER actually require you to have in place?

LOLER places five core duties on employers and others who control lifting equipment. Each one is a legal obligation, not a recommendation:

Regulation 4, Strength and stability
Lifting equipment must have adequate strength for each load. It must be marked with its safe working load (SWL). Equipment must not be used beyond its SWL.
Regulation 5, Lifting persons
Equipment used to lift people must include specific safety features to prevent falls, trapping, and uncontrolled movement. Controls must allow the person to summon help.
Regulation 6, Positioning and installation
Lifting equipment must be positioned and installed to minimise the risk of loads striking people. The equipment itself must remain stable during use.
Regulation 8, Organisation of lifting operations
Every lifting operation must be properly planned by a competent person, appropriately supervised, and carried out safely.
Regulation 9, Thorough examination and inspectionReg 9 LOLER 1998
Lifting equipment must be regularly examined by a competent person. The results must be recorded in a Schedule 1-compliant examination report and kept on file.

Who enforces LOLER and what can they actually do?

LOLER is enforced by the Health and Safety Executive (HSE) for most workplaces, and by local authority Environmental Health Officers for some premises. The HSE publishes all enforcement actions, improvement notices, prohibition notices, and prosecutions on its website. Penalties for non-compliance include unlimited fines and imprisonment. Both are available to the courts without a ceiling.

The six things LOLER requires you to have covered

LOLER places six principal duties on duty holders. Together they form a complete framework: the equipment must be fit for purpose, safe for person-lifting, correctly installed, operated safely, regularly examined, and the results documented and retained.

1
Adequate strength and stability (Reg 4)
Every item of lifting equipment must have adequate strength for the loads it is required to lift. It must be marked with its safe working load (SWL), or, for equipment whose SWL varies by configuration, a load chart. Equipment must not be used beyond its SWL.
2
Safety when lifting persons (Reg 5)
Equipment used to lift people must specifically prevent the person from being crushed, trapped, struck, or falling. It must include controls allowing the person to summon help if trapped, and means to lower them safely in a power failure.
3
Positioning and installation (Reg 6)
Lifting equipment must be positioned or installed to minimise the risk of loads striking people, prevent uncontrolled movement, and keep the equipment stable during use.
4
Planned and supervised lifting operations (Reg 8)
Every lifting operation must be properly planned by a competent person, appropriately supervised, and carried out safely. For complex lifts, this means a formal lift plan.
5
Thorough examination at specified intervalsReg 9 LOLER 1998
Lifting equipment must be thoroughly examined by a competent person at intervals of 6 months (person-carrying equipment and lifting accessories) or 12 months (all other equipment), or in accordance with a written examination scheme. A thorough examination is a safety assessment, not a service.
6
Examination reports and record-keepingRegs 10 and 11 LOLER 1998
After each thorough examination, a Schedule 1-compliant examination report must be produced within 28 days. Where a dangerous defect is found, the report must be sent immediately. Reports must be kept until the equipment ceases to be used, or for a minimum of 2 years for lifting accessories. This audit trail is a legal requirement.

What your LOLER audit trail must actually show

A legally sound audit trail under LOLER must show four things for every asset. A competent person carried out the thorough examination on time. A Schedule 1 examination report was produced. Any defects were categorised and acted upon. Reports are held on file and available for HSE inspection. Miss any one of those and you have a compliance gap, even if the physical examination was carried out.

Defect reporting is part of this trail. A Category A defect found during thorough examination requires immediate cessation of use and notification to the relevant enforcing authority. The competent person cannot withhold this notification by agreement with the duty holder. Both parties bear legal exposure if the notification is omitted.

What LOLER looks like in practice

Take a construction company running two sites. Site A has two tower cranes and a goods hoist. Site B has a mobile crane, three telehandlers, and 40 slings and shackles. Each tower crane requires a 12-month examination plus a fresh examination every time it is erected on a new site. The goods hoist requires 6-monthly examination. The telehandlers require 12 months each. Every one of the 40 slings and shackles requires its own 6-monthly examination and its own individual record. That is a lot to track.

The company appoints an independent inspection company to carry out thorough examinations across both sites. After each examination, the inspector produces a Schedule 1-compliant written report for each asset. Those reports stay on file for the life of the equipment. If HSE visits either site, those reports must be immediately available. No paper trail means no defence.

What is changing with LOLER in 2026?

The HSE formally reviewed LOLER 1998 following a Call for Evidence that closed in November 2025. This is the first formal review of the regulations since they came into force. It was driven in part by technological changes including digital inspection tools and remote monitoring, and by feedback from industry. Outcomes are expected in 2026. Watch HSE communications for any changes to inspection requirements.

Things people get wrong about LOLER

Myth: "We had it serviced so it does not need a LOLER examination."
Reality: A service is maintenance: oils, filters, tyres, brakes. A LOLER thorough examination is a separate legal obligation focused on lifting safety. The same engineer can do both on the same visit, but they are legally distinct activities and must be documented separately.
Myth: "It is brand new so we do not need to examine it yet."
Reality: Not always. New equipment with a valid EC Declaration of Conformity does not need examining before first use. But new equipment without a valid declaration, and any equipment where safety depends on installation conditions, must be examined before first use.
Myth: "We only use it occasionally so LOLER does not apply."
Reality: The frequency of use has no bearing on LOLER applicability. A sling used twice a year still requires 6-monthly examination. A chain hoist used for an annual engine lift still requires 12-monthly examination.
Myth: "LOLER only applies to big companies."
Reality: LOLER applies to any employer or self-employed person who uses lifting equipment at work. A sole trader who uses a chain block in their garage workshop is subject to LOLER in the same way as a multinational manufacturer.
What does LOLER stand for?+
LOLER stands for the Lifting Operations and Lifting Equipment Regulations 1998 (SI 1998/2307). It is the primary UK legislation governing the safe use, inspection, and record-keeping of lifting equipment in workplaces.
What is the purpose of LOLER?+
LOLER exists to reduce the risk of injury and death from lifting operations. It requires lifting equipment to be of adequate strength, stable, positioned safely, used safely, and regularly inspected by a competent person.
When did LOLER come into force?+
LOLER came into force on 5 December 1998, replacing older fragmented legislation including the Factories Act provisions and the Construction (Lifting Operations) Regulations 1961.

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