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LOLER ACOP: Understanding the Approved Code of Practice (L113)

By Editorial Team  ·  20 April 2026  ·  6 min read

The LOLER ACOP — officially published as L113 by the HSE ↗ — has quasi-legal status under the Health and Safety at Work Act 1974. The LOLER ACOP (Approved Code of Practice) provides practical guidance on how to comply with the Lifting Operations and Lifting Equipment Regulations 1998. Most people in the industry know the LOLER regulations. Far fewer understand the precise legal weight the ACOP carries — or why that distinction matters in an enforcement scenario.

What Is the LOLER ACOP?

An Approved Code of Practice is a document approved by the HSE under Section 16 of the Health and Safety at Work Act 1974. It has a specific legal status that sets it apart from both the regulations themselves and ordinary guidance.

The key rule is this: if you follow the LOLER ACOP, a court will presume you have complied with the relevant legal duty. If you do not follow it, you must show that you have met the duty by some other equally effective means. Not better — equally effective. The burden of proof shifts to you.

This quasi-legal weight makes the LOLER ACOP one of the most practically important documents for inspection companies, competent persons, and duty holders. Following it is not the same as following the law — but departing from it in court requires you to have an equally robust alternative.

What Does the LOLER ACOP (L113) Cover?

L113 is not a short document. It runs to over 200 pages and covers every aspect of compliance with the LOLER regulations across all equipment types and sectors. The key areas relevant to most organisations:

Competent person requirements
L113 sets out what "competent person" means for the purposes of LOLER Regulation 9. It goes beyond the regulations' wording by specifying the types of knowledge and experience required for different equipment categories. An inspector competent to examine chain hoists is not automatically competent to examine passenger lifts.
Thorough examination intervals
The ACOP confirms the standard intervals — 6 months for lifting accessories and equipment used to lift persons, 12 months for all other equipment — and gives guidance on when a written examination scheme can justify different intervals. The examination scheme must be prepared by a competent person and must be in writing.
Examination reports and Schedule 1
LOLER regulations require written reports under Regulation 10. L113 expands on the minimum Schedule 1 requirements — what each field must contain, what constitutes a defect requiring immediate action, and what must be reported to the enforcing authority. These are the details that make examination reports legally valid or not.
Lifting accessories
L113 gives extensive guidance on the thorough examination of lifting accessories — the slings, chains, hooks, shackles, and spreader beams used between the lifting machine and the load. This includes colour-coding, marking, and safe working load requirements.
Record keeping and retention
The ACOP confirms that records must be kept for the working life of the equipment and for a minimum of two years from the date of examination — or longer for equipment where records may be relevant to a civil claim. The LOLER regulations PDF (L113) states that digital records are acceptable provided they cannot be tampered with.

LOLER ACOP vs LOLER Regulations: What Is the Difference?

The three-tier structure of LOLER documentation confuses many practitioners. Each layer has a different legal weight:

DocumentLegal statusWhat it does
LOLER 1998 (SI 1998/2307)Statutory instrument — lawSets out legal duties. Breach is a criminal offence.
LOLER ACOP (L113)Quasi-legal — approved under HSWA 1974 s.16Provides practical compliance guidance. Departing from it shifts the burden of proof.
HSE GuidanceNon-statutory — advisory onlyBest practice advice. Helpful, but no legal consequences for not following it.

The LOLER legislation (SI 1998/2307) sets the legal duties. The ACOP shows how to satisfy them. The guidance explains good practice. All three layers work together — but in an enforcement scenario, it is the ACOP that determines where the burden of proof lies.

For the full text of the LOLER 1998 regulations, see SI 1998/2307 on legislation.gov.uk ↗.

Where to Download the LOLER ACOP PDF

The LOLER regulations PDF (L113) is available free from the HSE website. You do not need to purchase it, though a printed copy is also available through HSE Books.

Download the LOLER ACOP (L113) from HSE

The official L113 publication — "Safe use of lifting equipment: Lifting Operations and Lifting Equipment Regulations 1998, Approved Code of Practice and Guidance" — is published on the HSE website. This LOLER pdf covers the full ACOP and supporting non-statutory guidance in a single document.

Download L113 from HSE (free) ↗

Note: the LOLER ACOP was updated in 2014 and a revised version is currently in consultation (as of 2026). The HSE Northern Ireland consulted on proposed revisions in 2025. Check the HSE website for the current approved version — the one referenced in enforcement proceedings will be the version in force at the time of the examination.

Key LOLER ACOP Requirements for Duty Holders

If you are responsible for lifting equipment at work, these are the ACOP requirements most likely to be tested in an HSE LOLER inspection:

  • Thorough examinations must be carried out at the intervals set out in Regulation 9 — or under a written examination scheme prepared by a competent person
  • The competent person must be sufficiently independent to give an objective opinion — in-house examiners must be genuinely independent from the equipment owner and maintenance function
  • Examination reports must be retained for the working life of the equipment and for at least two years from the date of examination
  • Category A defects (immediate danger to life) must be notified to the relevant enforcing authority and the equipment must not be used until the defect is remedied
  • Lifting accessories must be marked with their safe working load and examined every 6 months without exception

The HSE LOLER enforcement team checks these requirements against your examination records when they visit. If records are missing, incomplete, or show gaps in examination dates, the ACOP will be the standard against which your compliance is judged.

Understanding the LOLER ACOP is the foundation of a sound compliance programme. For the practical application of those requirements — who examines what, how often, and what the records must contain — read our LOLER compliance guide. For the thorough examination process itself, see our thorough examination guide.

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