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Thorough Examination

What Is a LOLER Thorough Examination? A Plain English Guide

By Editorial Team  ·  3 March 2026  ·  6 min read

What a thorough examination actually involves

Your lifting equipment does not stay compliant just because it was certified when you bought it. Regulation 9 of LOLER 1998 requires a thorough examination before first use, after installation at a new location, and at regular intervals thereafter. That obligation falls on you, the duty holder. Routine maintenance does not satisfy it. A pre-use check does not satisfy it.

The examination must be carried out by a competent person: someone with the practical knowledge and experience to detect defects and judge their significance. Findings must be recorded in a written report meeting the requirements of Schedule 1 to the Regulations.

What "thorough" actually means in practice

The word "thorough" has a specific legal meaning here. It is not a visual check alone, and not merely a test of basic operation. It means a systematic and detailed inspection of every safety-critical part of the equipment. It must include:

Physical inspection
All components are examined: structural members, connections, hooks, chains, ropes, sheaves, brakes, and controls. The examiner looks for wear, damage, corrosion, deformation, and deterioration.
Safe working load verification
The equipment must be marked with its SWL. The competent person confirms the SWL is still appropriate given the equipment's condition.
Functional testing
Where appropriate, the examiner tests safe load indicators, overload protection devices, limit switches, and emergency stop functions.
Assessment of installation
For fixed equipment, the installation is examined: foundations, anchorages, overhead rail systems, and related structure.
Defect classification
Any defects found must be classified as immediate danger, future danger, or observation. Each category triggers specific reporting and action requirements.

Thorough examination, routine inspection, maintenance: how they differ

ActivityPurposeWho does itLegal basis
Thorough examinationSafety assessment at statutory intervalsCompetent person (independent)LOLER Reg. 9
Pre-use inspectionDaily check before useOperator or userLOLER Reg. 9(3)(d)
Routine maintenanceKeep in working orderMaintenance technicianPUWER Reg. 5
Post-incident inspectionAfter exceptional circumstancesCompetent personLOLER Reg. 9(1)(c)

When does your equipment need to be examined?

The HSE sets out four trigger points under Regulation 9. Miss any one of them and your equipment is operating outside the law:

1
Before first use
Before lifting equipment is put into service for the first time, unless the employer has a declaration of conformity made not more than 12 months before first use AND the equipment has not been assembled on site.
2
After assembly on site
Where safety depends on installation conditions, such as overhead cranes, rail-mounted hoists, and building hoists, a thorough examination must be carried out each time the equipment is assembled or installed in a new location.
3
Periodic examination
Every 6 months for lifting accessories and equipment used to lift persons. Every 12 months for all other lifting equipment. Or at intervals specified in a written examination scheme drawn up by a competent person.
4
After exceptional circumstances
After any event likely to have caused damage that could affect safety: a collision, a dropped load, overloading, or a repair to a safety-critical component.

Default intervals or written examination scheme: which applies to you?

The 6-month and 12-month intervals are statutory defaults. They apply where no written examination scheme exists. A written scheme, drawn up by a competent person, can set different intervals based on a risk assessment of the equipment and its operating conditions. Equipment used infrequently in benign conditions may justify longer intervals. Equipment in aggressive environments, such as marine or chemical plant, may require shorter ones.

If you operate a written scheme, the document must be available for HSE inspection. Review it regularly and update it when equipment or conditions change. A scheme that has never been reviewed since installation is unlikely to withstand scrutiny.

What happens after the examination: your obligations

The competent person must produce a written report as soon as practicable. If a defect is an existing or imminent risk of serious personal injury (Category A), the competent person must send a copy to the relevant enforcing authority as well as to you. The equipment must stop. It cannot return to service until the defect is fixed.

Where defects require attention within a specified period (Category B), the report must state the remediation deadline. You are responsible for ensuring the repair is completed in time. Document it: who did the repair, what was done, and when.

What is a LOLER thorough examination?+
A LOLER thorough examination is a detailed inspection of lifting equipment by a competent person. It is carried out at specified intervals under Regulation 9 of LOLER 1998. It is not the same as routine maintenance. It covers every safety-critical component, assesses the safe working load, and produces a written Schedule 1 report.
Is a LOLER thorough examination the same as a service?+
No. A service keeps equipment in working order. A thorough examination is a safety assessment by a competent person who is sufficiently independent to make an objective judgement. The same person can do both, but they are distinct activities with different legal requirements under LOLER 1998.
How often is a LOLER thorough examination required?+
Lifting accessories and equipment used to lift people must be examined every 6 months. All other lifting equipment must be examined every 12 months. A written examination scheme drawn up by a competent person may specify different intervals where the risk assessment justifies it.

What happens during the examination: the inspector's process

1
Review previous report and asset record
The competent person reviews the asset register entry and the previous examination report. They check what was found at the last examination and whether any Category B defects were recorded with outstanding deadlines.
2
Systematic visual inspection
A systematic visual inspection of all accessible surfaces: structural members, welds, joints, pivot points, connections, rope or chain contact areas, hooks, and attachment points. Where parts are inaccessible, the report must note the limitation.
3
Functional testing
Functional tests appropriate to the equipment type: all motions (travel, hoist, slew), safety devices (safe load indicators, overload protection), limit switches, emergency stops, and braking systems.
4
Wear measurement against discard criteria
Critical wear items are measured against discard criteria: rope wire breaks per lay length, hook throat opening, sling condition, and sheave groove wear.
5
Defect classification and report issue
Findings are recorded and each defect is assigned a category. The report must be issued within 28 days of the examination date. A Category A defect triggers immediate notification to HSE or the relevant local authority.
28 days
Maximum time to issue the Schedule 1 report after examination. Category A defects must be reported to HSE immediately.

What you need to prepare before the inspector arrives

Equipment must be available at the agreed time. The competent person cannot be expected to wait while loads are cleared or access is arranged.
Access must be provided to all parts of the equipment: the hoist mechanism, structural members, electrical components, and all safety devices. Not just the hook and load path.
Equipment must be sufficiently clean for inspection. Heavy contamination can mask defects and limit the scope of the examination.
Any known defects or recent incidents must be disclosed before the examination begins. This affects the focus and scope of the inspection.
Asset register details, including serial number, safe working load, and date of manufacture, should be available for the examiner to verify against equipment markings.

How your audit trail proves compliance after an incident

When a lifting incident occurs, the first question HSE investigators ask is whether the equipment was in a valid examination period at the time. With a paper-based system, you have to locate the relevant report quickly, under pressure, in an already disrupted workplace. A digital audit trail links every examination report to the specific asset record, with timestamps and examiner details. The complete history is retrievable in seconds.

A complete digital audit trail also shows proactive compliance: that examination intervals were tracked, due dates were not missed, and defect remediation was documented. This matters in enforcement decisions. The HSE distinguishes between duty holders who have robust systems and those who rely on ad hoc arrangements. Dedicated LOLER inspection software stores every Schedule 1 report against its asset record and automatically calculates the next examination due date so nothing is missed.

After the examination: what to do with the report

The Schedule 1 report will be issued within 28 days. When it arrives, review it for defect categories straight away. For any Category B defect, note the remediation deadline, assign someone responsible for the repair, and confirm completion before that date. Document the repair: who did it, what was done, and when. If a follow-up examination is required before the equipment returns to service, book it immediately.

Before the examination, bring a LOLER inspection checklist on site to work through every component systematically. Once the competent person has signed off, use the findings to complete the formal report. Our free LOLER inspection templates cover all 9 equipment types with every Schedule 1 field pre-loaded.

File the report in your LOLER records and retain it for the life of the equipment. If you use Lolerflow, link the report to the asset record on receipt. The compliance dashboard updates automatically. The next due date is calculated for you. No paper. No evening typing. No chasing anyone for records.

Manage your LOLER inspections digitally with Lolerflow.

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